Machländer

How it is classified

What it contributes to a blend

A direction, not a measurement. These bands are the level of resolution the evidence supports, and they say which way adding this fruit pushes a blend rather than what the finished cider will be.

Very dry, with the highest malic acid of the trial fruit and very little citric acid to go with it.

Aroma

No aroma descriptors are recorded for Machländer, and for a great deal of cider fruit that is a finding rather than a gap. Bittersweet apples in particular contribute tannin, sugar and body while being close to aromatically mute, and most of what a cider made from them smells of was produced by the fermentation rather than carried in by the fruit. CiderHQ publishes the absence rather than filling the space with descriptors nothing supports.

Put Machländer into a blend

Measured analysis

Each figure is shown with where and when it was taken. They are not averaged: the same cultivar grown in another climate genuinely gives different numbers, and collapsing them into one would be the most misleading thing this page could do.

Compare within a study to see where these figures sat among the other cultivars the same work analysed — which is a more robust statement than the figures themselves, because absolute values move between laboratories and the ordering inside one study mostly survives.

Watched in the orchard

What named research programmes recorded about this fruit at their own sites. Bloom, harvest and cropping belong to a place and a run of seasons rather than to a cultivar, so they are reported site by site rather than merged.

In the orchard

Harvest window

Mid

Flowering

Not recorded

Vigour

Vigorous

Cropping

Severely biennial — a substantial crop only every other year

Keeping

Poor — mill soon after picking

Picked in mid September at Klosterneuburg and pressed on 9 October, the earliest processing date of the main group.

Reported among the least fruitful and most strongly alternate-bearing varieties in the trial.

Not recorded. Austrian sources do not publish flowering groups or bands for Mostbirnen in any form CiderHQ has reached.

Juice and pressing

• 8.7 g/L malic acid in the fruit — the highest in the trial
• Only 1.3 g/L citric acid
• 1.4 g/L residual sugar in the must, the driest measured
• 7.5 per cent alcohol

How it is used

• A Mostviertel Most pear, made single-variety in the regional manner.

On its own

About Machländer

Names, origin and identity

Cultivar naming is the hardest problem in cider fruit data. The same tree carries different names across ten miles, and two different trees have shared a name for two centuries.

Why it matters

• The clearest illustration in the Austrian data that malic and citric acid move independently in pears: highest malic in the trial, nearly lowest citric.

Related cultivars

Recorded relationships, including the ones this fruit is routinely confused with.

• Similar role

  Dorschbirne

  The reverse profile — lowest malic among the high-citric fruit, highest citric overall.

Fruit that plays a similar part

Cultivars sharing a classification under the same system and a comparable role in a blend. Not a similarity score — a stated relationship.

• Blakeney Red

  The most widely planted perry pear of the Three Counties, taking its name from the Gloucestershire village of Blakeney and grown for perry, for canning and, during the First World War, for dye.

• Gregg’s Pit

  A Herefordshire perry pear named after the Much Marcle holding where the original tree still stands, and one of the few perry pears whose parent tree can be visited.

• Grüne Pichelbirne

  The sharpest Austrian perry pear measured at Klosterneuburg, and one of the most phenolic — an Upper Austrian variety first recorded in 1822 whose must the trial found sharpest of eleven.

• Hendre Huffcap

  The most highly regarded of the Huffcap group of perry pears, taking its first name from a Monmouthshire farm and its second from a word for a drink strong enough to lift a hat.

• Moorcroft

  An early Malvern-country perry pear, known as Malvern Hills as often as by its own name, and at the centre of one of the sharpest identity disputes in perry.

• Stinking Bishop

  A Dymock perry pear named after a nineteenth-century grower called Bishop, and now better known through the washed-rind cheese that is bathed in its perry.

Where it grows

• Mostviertel
• Upper Austria

What people ask next

Questions readers ask about the things this page mentions. Each one goes to the section that answers it rather than to a page written to receive the question.

• What is perry — Perry is an alcoholic drink made by fermenting the juice of pears, traditionally of specific perry pear cultivars rather than eating pears. It is to pears what cider is to apples, and has its own history in the three counties of England and in Normandy.
• How long can apples be kept before pressing
• What does sweating apples mean — Sweating is holding picked fruit in a heap or store for days or weeks before milling, so it softens, loses water and gains sugar concentration. Perry pears in particular are usually held until they yield to the thumb.
• What is juice blending
• Which perry pear gives an elderflower note — Dorschbirne, on the Austrian agriculture ministry’s own description. It is also the most phenolic Austrian perry pear measured at Klosterneuburg and the highest-yielding in that trial.
• Is most made outside the mostviertel — Yes. Upper Austria carries the same pear and apple Most tradition as the Mostviertel next door, on a large orchard base, and the boundary between them is administrative rather than cultural.

Where to go next

• How cider apples are classified — Why there are four schemes and none of them is universal.
• The blend explorer — See which way changing the proportions moves a blend.
• Blending — What a cider maker is actually deciding when they build a blend.

Sources

What this page rests on. Where a source is marked as registered rather than read, CiderHQ is recording that the body is authoritative on the subject without claiming to have worked through the document itself. See our evidence policy for what each state means.

• Prüfung ausgewählter Mostbirnensorten als Spindel unter Bio-Produktionsbedingungen

  Wurm, Gössinger, Wendelin and Korntheuer, HBLA und Bundesamt für Wein- und Obstbau Klosterneuburg, in Mitteilungen Klosterneuburg 61 (2011): 236–246 · research institute · passage verified 2026-08-25 · covers 2002–2010

  Fourteen Austrian perry pears trialled at the research station that also runs Austria’s statutory fruit-wine analysis panel. The only measured Austrian Mostbirnen data CiderHQ has found, and the first Austrian figures on the site. Its tables are scanned images with no text layer, so every figure published here was read from the rendered pages directly rather than from an extraction, and the source’s own typesetting error — Knollbirne’s residual sugar printed “3,o” — is recorded rather than normalised. The acid convention is tartaric rather than malic, which is Austrian wine law and is stated on every measurement taken from it.

• Österreichische Mostbirnensorten

  Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Klima- und Umweltschutz, Regionen und Wasserwirtschaft (BMLUK), register of traditional Austrian foods, entry 191 · government · retrieved 2026-08-25

  The Austrian agriculture ministry’s own account of its perry pears, in its register of traditional foods. It carries no analytical figures at all — no acid, no sugar, no tannin — and is cited here for synonymy, geography, dates and the ministry’s own descriptions of what the fruit tastes like. Its estimate of over 400 Mostbirne types in Austria is labelled by the ministry itself as an estimate, and CiderHQ repeats that hedge rather than the number alone.

• Obstweinverordnung, BGBl. II Nr. 18/2014, consolidated

  Republic of Austria, made under §§ 35, 36 and 37(1) of the Weingesetz 2009; consolidated text published by the Bundeskellereiinspektion · legislation · passage verified 2026-08-25

  The instrument that decides what Most legally is in Austria, and the answer is: a fermented drink. That single fact is the one most often got wrong in English writing, because Most means the unfermented juice in Switzerland and is ambiguous in Germany. The ordinance also names two pear cultivars individually — Speckbirne and Schweizer Wasserbirne — in a derogation lowering their minimum acidity, which is a legislature encoding pomology. Retrieved from the federal cellar inspectorate’s mirror because the Austrian legal information system refused every automated request.